The iterative user-centered design process:
The iterative design process goes by several names, depending on the field wich the process is applied, the name used most for the Web design field is “iterative design process
3 steps in iterative design process:
- Design a prototype
- Test the prototype
- Redesign the prototype
First we start off with an idea, and we make that idea. Putting an idea into realization. When we are finished with first part, we have to test it. Look for holes, and flaws with original idea. That’s why we test it. When we know what’s wrong, or what could be improved with the idea, we can redesign it. For a better user experience.
- 1. Analyze user needs
- 2. Gather requirements, goals and functions of site
- 3. Design a prototype
- 4. Test the prototype
- 5. Redesign the prototype
- 6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until time runs out
- 7. Launch the site / product
Its always important to improve. You hear it all the time; “How can I improve myself?” or “what’s it going to take to improve this business” etc. Testing our design / idea is really important for a better user experience. Also a crucial step is to analyze the user needs. What kind of Web site are you really making? Ask questions to yourself, who am I making a website for? And who is going to look at it?
The Strategy
Defining a strategy:
Some important questions you may ask yourself before beginning a new web project are
- What do WE want to get out of this product?
- What do our users want to get out of it?
My answer to the first question is like this:
As a creator, I want to learn more. I want to see flaws and holes. I want to see good sides as well as bad sides. I want to know exactly what people want. What they expect and what they need. And so on. So for my part as a creator I need to gather information, and some experience as well. So what do I want? Knowledge. But ill have to gather that knowledge that is the most appropriate for my vision of my final product.
And second answer:
For our users, what do they want to get out of it? This question can be answered in so many ways. It totally depends on what I am making. Lets say I want to target a group of users, lets say for example photo enthusiasts. I have to know my way around what they know, and the things they don’t know, about photography. So I have to appeal to their field of interest. If I can build a website, strong enough with information and stuff that might interest a photo enthusiast. Ill hit my group of interest. And my site satisfies the users.
So basically become you user groups hidden boyfriend / girlfriend / stalker
User Needs:
So designers has a good talent to fall in to their own design, and thinking that that design fits the purpose of the task in the best way. That is not always correct. We have to create something that fits the user needs. And the users are mostly not the designers. As the book says:
“We’re designing for other people, and id those other people are going to like and use what we create, we need to understand who they are and what they need”
Users can be a wide range of people, and a wide range of people doesn’t have the same ideas and thoughts as us. So you have to know your users, and they don’t have to know you. So we have to define our users, ask them questions. Get to know them really well. As I said, become a boyfriend / girlfriend / stalker.
Also, you can separate your users into smaller groups. When the author talks about “User Segmentation” he points out that you don’t have do divide your target group into different segments by demographic criteria’s. (Age, gender, lifestyle, education, life-situation and so on) But you can also divide them into different segments by looking for psychographic profiles. Psychographic attitudes and behavior that is the foundation of our target groups view on the world. So basically not by looking at our users demographics, but also look at how they think, how they view the world and how they choose to interact with it.
So by creating a web site, we have to look at our users. What is their attitude on the Internet? How much time do they spend surfing around? What is their opinion on a good website? What kind of platform do they surf the Internet on? Iphone, a computer or at a friends house? We have to ask questions to find out what their attitudes and behavior around the web platform we want to create something on is. By knowing these things, it is most likely that our project will succeed.
Also in addition to demographic and psychographic criteria’s, we have to know how much the know about the subject of the matter. So if I am creating a design site, with all kinds of stuff around design. And this site is for students. I can then expect that a design student have more knowledge about the subject than a group of law students, and the other way around. So if I want to create such a design site for law students, I have to make another approach. Where I have to explain the basics and where they feel like they can learn.
User research:
Understanding your users is very a crucial and important part of making your product succeed. User research can come in many different forms, such as surveys, interview or focus groups. But this technique only gives general information, and doesn’t really go in the depth of a user research. Test or field studies can give a more in depth and give better understanding specifics of our users. Getting a deeper understanding of your users can be very rewarding, but I can take longer time. Getting a general understanding can in some cases be rewarding, but not always the understanding you want.
Contextual inquiry gives understanding of your user in their everyday lives. Anthropologists use these techniques to study cultures and societies. But these techniques can also be applied on a smaller scale. For example this technique can give answers on how a foreign tribe functions, but it can also be applied to give a understanding on how people function. Basically trying to find out how a group of people functions, and trying to get an understanding on how and why they make the choices they make. But also how an individual person acts and functions.
The Scope
Knowing how my process can give results in the project is a crucial part. Knowing what I need and what it takes to get from point A to B. And what the rewards are. A process is valuable because it gives the chance to look for holes and flaws and trying to think differently while everything is still on paper. Playing with ideas and looking for creative solutions. It also helps to know what I know I can make, and what I might have to wait with until later.
The product is important because it provides the answer on how I can make things related to this project in the future. This is where I am able to talk about my product
Know what I’m building, and what im not building.
When working in teams of designers, project managers and engineers its hard to know if everyone is sitting with the same idea in their head. When someone presents a task to me, or a new project where I have to create. I get an idea in my head, where I visualize everything. Some ideas come later on in the project, but at first I have a visual vision in my head. But if im working in a group, and I present my idea to them. How can I then know that they are sitting with the same idea as I am? If I ask you to think of the colour green, how can I then know that you are thinking of same green colour as I am? The exact same green?
Underway while im creating, there always pops up new ideas and features that I cant let out of the project. Ideas that can lift the project up, or ideas that I think are cool to make. Those ideas might be good, and inspire me to make something new. But are those ideas really good enough to serve the purpose of the project? Or are those ideas even appropriate for the project? Knowing what the purpose of the project is, and knowing what im really making is crucial in keeping the ideas to the subject. Having a clear idea, and stick with that idea. And then later on, when the project is launched, then I can play with new ideas.
Requirements
Websites has different requirements. A newspaper homepage requires that were able to read the news in a clear and good way. And that users can get to the news without taking many detours and a website for a clothing company requires that the users easily can navigate trough the site. Mostly, the requirements of a webpage is given by the people that wants you to make a website for them. They have the information they want to share, and you have to create a site where the requirements meet up with their criteria’s.
The most appropriate place to get information on what kind of requirements is the people who gave you the job, and the users. In the bottom line, the users are those who view your page. The best way to find out what kind of requirements you need is to ask all of the people involved. For example: Xbox Live has a feature that you can create a little society with your friends that allows you to play with them online. Maybe this idea came from the users themselves. Where they wanted to get more social with their friends online. When Microsoft launched this feature, social gaming exploded. And friends where able to meet up with other friends without going out their front door.